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In the process of laser cutting sheet metal, various problems are often encountered. The following are common problems and solutions:

Analysis of Deformation of Small Holes in 01 Cutting Processing

When processing small holes, high-power laser cutting machines use pulse perforation (soft puncture) to concentrate laser energy in a very small area, burning non processing areas and causing deformation of the hole, which affects the processing quality. At this point, we should change the pulse perforation (soft puncture) method to the blasting perforation (ordinary puncture) method in the processing program to solve the problem. For smaller power laser cutting machines, the opposite is true. When processing small holes, pulse perforation should be adopted to achieve better surface smoothness.

Solution for burrs on workpiece 02

According to the working and design principles of CO2 laser cutting, the following reasons are analyzed as the main causes of burrs in processed parts: the upper and lower positions of the laser focus are incorrect, and a focus position test needs to be conducted to adjust according to the offset of the focus; The output power of the laser is insufficient. It is necessary to check whether the laser generator is working properly. If it is normal, observe whether the output value of the laser control button is correct and adjust it accordingly; The cutting line speed is too slow and needs to be increased during operation control; The purity of the cutting gas is insufficient, and high-quality cutting working gas needs to be provided; Laser focus offset requires focus position testing and adjustment based on the offset of the focus; The instability caused by prolonged operation of the machine tool requires a shutdown and restart.

03 Laser incomplete cutting state

After analysis, it can be found that the following situations are the main causes of unstable processing: the selection of laser nozzle does not match the thickness of the processing plate; The laser cutting line speed is too fast and needs to be controlled to reduce the line speed; In addition, it should be noted that when cutting carbon steel plates with a focal length of over 5mm on the L3030 laser cutting machine, a 7.5 "laser lens needs to be replaced.

Solution to abnormal sparks when cutting low carbon steel in 04

This situation will affect the cutting surface smoothness and machining quality of the parts. At this point, when all other parameters are normal, the following situation should be considered: the loss of the laser head nozzle NOZZEL, and the nozzle should be replaced in a timely manner. In the absence of a new nozzle replacement, the cutting gas pressure should be increased; The thread at the connection between the nozzle and the laser head is loose. At this point, cutting should be immediately paused, the connection status of the laser head should be checked, and the threads should be re threaded.

05 Selection of puncture points during laser cutting processing

The working principle of the laser beam in laser cutting processing is that during the processing, the material is continuously irradiated with laser to form a pit in the center, and then the molten material is quickly removed by the working airflow coaxial with the laser beam to form a hole. This hole is similar to a threading hole in wire cutting, and the laser beam uses this hole as the starting point for contour cutting. Generally, the direction of the laser beam's flight path is perpendicular to the tangent direction of the cutting contour of the processed part.

Therefore, during the period from the beginning of the laser beam penetrating the steel plate to entering the contour cutting of the part, there will be a significant change in the cutting speed in the vector direction, that is, 90 degrees in the vector direction; Rotation, from the direction perpendicular to the tangent of the cutting contour to coincide with the tangent of the cutting contour, that is, the angle with the tangent of the contour is 0°. This will leave a relatively rough cutting surface on the cutting section of the processed material, mainly due to the rapid change in the vector direction of the laser beam during movement in a short period of time. Therefore, when using laser cutting to process parts, attention should be paid to this aspect. Generally, when designing parts without roughness requirements for surface cutting surfaces, manual processing can be omitted during laser cutting programming, and the control software can automatically generate puncture points; However, when the design has high roughness requirements for the cutting section of the parts to be processed, attention should be paid to this issue. Usually, manual adjustment of the starting position of the laser beam is required when programming the laser cutting program, that is, manual control of the puncture point. It is necessary to move the puncture point originally generated by the laser program to a reasonable position to meet the requirements for surface accuracy of the processed parts.